CSWIP 3.1 Quiz

CSWIP 3.1 Quiz

CSWIP 3.1 Quiz
Multi-Choice and Questions Paper
Feb 2007
1.Which of the following is the correct statement?

AC and DC can be used for MMA

AC and DC can be used for TIG

AC and DC can be used for SAW

All of the above
2. A weld of dissimilar material is termed as….

Compound weld

Transition weld

Complex weld

All of the above
3. What will you do if you find a consumable core wire is having rust on the surface?

Baking before use

It is not important

Rust should be completely removed by wiping with wool before use
Quarantine for further investigation
4. What is “High Frequency” used for some welding process?

To reduce arc strike

To give deep penetration

For controlled arc

To control interpass temperature
5. Why “Slope In” technique is used for TIG?

To reduce spatter

To reduce tungsten inclusion

To give arc stability

All of the above
6. Which of the following is a Rutile electrode?

6010

6013

6018

6016
7. Arc blow is associated with which of the following processes?

MMA

TIG

SAW

None of the above
8. What is added to steel for Deoxidation.

Sulphur

Phosphorus

Silicon

Manganese

9.Fillet Fracture Test is conducted to….

Assess the strength

Assess the root penetration and fusion

Assess fracture failure

Assess the toughness
10. Welding procedure qualification is…

To give welder practice

To give instruction

11.Which effect does the cyclic loading have on a member?

Reduce strength

Reduce Fatigue life

Reduce toughness

All of the above
12. Why hard stamping is not allowed on some welding fabrication?

It is too slow

It can be safety hazard

It may be damaging to the material
All of the above
13. Which NDT method is effective for identifying laminations?

Radiography Test

Magnetic Particle Test

Ultrasonic Test

Dye Penetrant Test
14. MIG/MAG welding has a tendency to give lack of sidewall fusion when…

Spray transfer conditions are used

100% CO2 shielding gas is used

Pulsed current is used

Dip Transfer conditions are used
15. During PWHT of a complex fabrication, the heating rate and cooling rate are much higher than specified. This
may….

Cause excessive oxidation

Not allow sufficient time to relieve stresses

Introduce excessive compressive stresses

Cause Distortion
16. A low heat input welding will have reduced….
Printed On : 5/16/2010 @ 21:31:57 a5/p5
Page 2 of 3 CSWIP 3.1 Quiz
Multi-Choice and Questions Paper
Feb 2007

Toughness

Strength

Residual Stress

Harness
17. As the voltage of X-Ray set increases….

It increases the penetrating power

It increases the wave length

It increases the image quality


1.Explain your Duties as a Welding Inspector? Give a Mandatory Reference –
Compulsory Question
2. As per BS 639 : 1987 E 44 42 R (13)
a. What gives Strength, Toughness and Position
b. Covering
c. Other characteristics
3. Why Hard Stamping is not used for some welding fabrications?
4. Explain TIG Processes.
5. Give four factors responsible for Hydrogen Cracking.
6.What is the requirement of Welding Procedure Test. Give 5 Essential Variables? Define
Essential Variable.
7.Explain Lamellar Tearing.

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PWHT

ELEMENT

sudah dicoating

Untuk PWHT pressure piping acuannya ada diASME  B31.3 halaman 99 pdf table 331.1.1 untuk videonya lihat disini,

PWHT (Post weld heat treatment ) adalah salah satu prosess heat treatment yang gunanya untuk mengembalikan keuletan atau ketanguhan material akibat adanya perubahan struktur mikro material akibat panas yang timbul pada saat pengelasan ataupun pada saat pendinginan.

kalau kata AWS d1.1 di paragrhap c 3.14

nih..





.C-3.14 Postweld Heat Treatment
Historically, the D1.1 requirements for PWHT have been
largely based on experience with ASME code fabrication
of plain carbon-manganese steels. The structural steel industry is increasingly moving away from carbon manganese steels to newer steels which are metallurgically more
complex such as low alloy and microalloyed [e.g.,
Cb(Nb) and V additions] steels. The newer steels can be
furnished in the as-rolled condition or with heat treatments such as quenching and tempering (Q&T), quenching and self-tempering (QST), or thermo-mechanically
controlled processing (TMCP) to obtain higher yield
strength. In general, Cb(Nb) and V additions are not used
in pressure vessel steels, and when included, they are usually restricted to low values. The exception in pressure
vessel steels is SA-737 which has additions of Cb(Nb) or
V depending upon the grade. There have been a least
seven Welding Research Council (WRC) Bulletins on
topics relevant to the subjects of PWHT and microalloyed
steels. A summary of the overall conclusions indicates
that:
(1) PWHT (at 1150°F [620°C] for a few hours) of asrolled or normalized carbon-manganese and low alloy
steels (having a 50 ksi [345 MPa] or lower yield
strength) does not adversely affect strength. PWHT, regardless of temperature or duration, degrades the notch
toughness of Cb(Nb) or V microalloyed base metals and
HAZs. Degradation varies in severity and may or may
not affect the suitability for service.
(2) Steels manufactured by Q&T, QST, or TMCP
processing need to have the development of their PWHT
based on the specific material and processing. PWHT
may reduce strength and notch toughness properties. The
response to PWHT is very dependent on composition.
Some Japanese data indicate that 1025°F [550°C] may
be a more appropriate PWHT temperature for certain
TMCP steels. The optimum PWHT temperature is dependent on specific composition, strength, and notch
toughness requirements.
(3) ASTM A710 Grade A, age hardening Ni, Cu, Cr,
Mo, Cb(Nb) steel is susceptible to cracking in the HAZ
during PWHT. Grades B and C have not been studied.
Some grades of ASTM A514/A517 are marginal for
PWHT due to low ductility and possible HAZ cracking
during PWHT as well as loss of strength and toughness.
Some specifications place specific limits on PWHT such
as ASTM A913 or “High-Strength Low-Alloy Steel
Shapes of Structural Quality, Produced by the Quenching and Self-Tempering Process (QST)” which requires
that “shapes shall not be formed and postweld heat
treated at temperatures exceeding 1100°F [600°F].” The
API offshore structures specifications 2W for TMCP
steels and 2Y for Q&T steels have similar warnings regarding “Post Manufacturing Heating” which need to be
considered when PWHT is contemplated.

kalau di asme b31.3 ada di pragraph 313 dimana PWHT digrouping untuk material yang akan diPWHT jadi mudah sih menurut ane (Table 331.1.1 Postweld Heat Treatment)

331 HEAT TREATMENT
331.1 General
331.1.1 Postweld Heat Treatment Requirements
(a) PWHT shall be in accordance with the material
groupings (P-Nos. and Group Nos.) and ranges in
Table 331.1.1 except as provided in Table 331.1.2 and
Table 331.1.3. The P-Numbers and Group Numbers are
defined in ASME BPV Code, Section IX,
Table QW/QB-422. (Note that the P-Nos. are also listed
in Appendix A.)
(b) The PWHT to be used after production welding
shall be specified in the WPS and shall be used in qualifying the welding procedure.
(c) The engineering design shall specify the examination and/or other production quality control (not less
than the requirements of this Code) to ensure that the
final welds are of adequate quality.

parameter dalam pwht yang perlu dijaga adalah:

1. Heating Rate

2. Holding temperature

3. cooling Rate

dalam melakukan PWHT banyak yang perlu diperhatikan kalu w baca2 di web diantarnya yang perlu diperhatikan 

1. expansion area

2. insulasi : daerah elemen harus dicover untuk menjaga kestabilan suhu

3. cleaning material : material harus dibersihkan

4. support material : material harus diberikan suuport supaya tidak terjadi distortion karena pada saat pemanasan material mengalami pelunakan.

smua kegiatan PWHT harus direcord antara lain

a.identitas material

b.waktu dilakukan PWHT

c.temperature record

d.personel PWHT

bersambung..

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MATERIAL

ohhhh enaknya pagi-pagi minum milo campur quekeroat hmm...skrg w iseng-iseng baca-baca tentang  material

Untuk material pasti ada di setiap strandard untuk ASME yang w tau ada di ASME II partd D 2007 kalau ada yang mau silahkan sedot disini ..
kalau di ASME IX ada di qw-420 ttg grouping material silahkan baca yahh atau sedot disini untuk ASME IX
w ada baca juga tentang mechanical behavior of material, disini banyak ngulas tentang sifat dari material yaitu struktur mikro,stress, kekerasan dll kalau ada yang mau silahkan email w d bahtiarparulian@gmail.com penting nih e book diforumnya aja smua pada bilang big thanks...

contoh yg di ebook

Principal stresses. It is always possible to find a set of axes (1, 2, 3) along which the
shear stress components vanish. In this case the normal stresses, σ 1, σ 2, and σ 3, are called
principal stresses and the 1, 2, and 3 axes are the principal stress axes. The magnitudes
of the principal stresses, σ p, are the three roots of
σp
3
− I1σp2 − I2σp − I3 = 0, (1.11)
where
I1 = σxx + σyy + σzz,
I2
= σ
yz
2
+ σzx2 + σxy2 − σyyσzz − σzzσxx − σxxσyy, (1.12)
and
I3
= σ
xxσyyσzz + 2σyzσzxσxy − σxxσyz2 − σyyσzx2 − σzzσxy2.
The first invariant I1 = −p/3, where p is the pressure. I1, I2, and I3 are independent of the
orientation of the axes and are therefore called stress invariants. In terms of the principal
stresses, the invariants are
I1 = σ1 + σ2 + σ3,
I2
= −σ22σ33 − σ33σ11 − σ11σ22, (1.13)
and
I3
= σ11σ22σ33.
Example problem 1.2: Find the principal stresses in a body under the stress state σ x
= 10, σ y = 8, σ z = −5, τ yz = τ zy = 5, τ zx = τ xz = −4, and τ xy = τ yx = −8, where
all stresses are in MPa.
SOLUTION: Using Equation (1.13), I1 = 10 + 8 − 5 = 13, I2 = 52 + (−4)2 + (−8)2
− 8(−5) − (−5)10 − 10·8 = 115, and I3 = 10·8(−5) + 2·5(−4)(−8) − 10·52 −
8(−4)2 − (−5)(−8)2 = −138.
Solving Equation (1.11) gives σ p3 − 13σ p2 − 115σ p + 138 = 0, σ p = 1.079, 18.72, −
6.82
kalau ada yg mau silahkan email w...

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WPS

WELDING PROCEDURE SPECIFICATION

Untuk pembuatan WPS kita mengacu pada ASME IX ( Boiler & Pressure vesel ( bejana tekan ) )
                                                                      AWS D1.1 Structural welding
                                                                      API 1104 Pipe line

dalam ASME IX untuk Joint Design ada di QW 402 ASME IX 2013
                                      Base Metal ada di QW 403 ASME IX 2013
                                      Filler Metal F no:6 SFA soec 5.18 ASME IX 2013 hal 211
bersambung....

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PWHT

PWHT (POS WELD HEAT TREATMENT)

 Tujuan PWHT :

PWHT adalah bagian dari process heat treatment yang bertujuan untuk menghilangkan tegangan sisa yang terbentuk setelah proses weldingan selesai. Material terutama carbon steel akan mengalami perubahan struktur dan grain karena effect dari pemanasan dan pendinginan. Struktur yang tidak homogen ini menyimpan banyak tegangan sisa yang membuat material tersebut memiliki sifat yang lebih keras namun ketangguhannya lebih rendah.

 

 

Untuk mengembalikan kembali kepada sifat yang diinginkan terutama dalam ketangguhan maka struktur yang berubah tadi dikembalikan lagi ke struktur semula melalui pemanasan pada waktu tertentu dan dalam jangka waktu tertentu pula. Tergantung dari jenis material dan ketebalan material.

 PWHT menurut AWS D1.1.

 Dalam AWS D1.1 paragraph 3.14 Postweld Heat treatment dijelaskanbahwa PWHT dapat dilakukan dengan pesyaratan sebagai berikut :

1. Material yang di PWHT memiliki SMYS tidak melebihi 50 Ksi (345 MPa)

2. Material yang di PWHT bukan material Quench Tempered, Quenching and self Tempering (QST), bukan material TMCP

3. Material yang kan di PWHT tidak mensyaratkan impact test pada Base Metal, HAZ atau weld metal.

4. Adanya data pendukung kalau material yang di PWHT memiliki strength dan ductility yang cukup.

5.  PWHT harus di proceed sesuai dengan para 5.8

 PWHT menurut ASME B31.I.

 1.       Aturan PWHT terdapat pada paragraph 331 hal 67 ASME B31.3 masalah Heat treatment. Disebutkan parameter PWHT merujuk kepada table 331.1.1 dimana PWHT di tentukan oleh grouping material dan thickness dari material masing masing.

2.       PWHT yang dilakukan harus tertulis secara khusus dalam WPS yang akan di gunakan. PWHT menjadi factor essential dalam pembuatan WPS berdasarkan ASME IX.

3.       Engineering design harus melakukan penagkajian khusus masalah heat treatmen dimana quality weldment memenuhi dari  requirement code

4.       Heat treatment untuk material yang dibending atau forming sesuai para 332.4

Yang harus diperhatikan dalam PWHT :

 Proses PWHT dapat dilakukan dengan dua cara yaitu memasukkan benda uji kedalam dapur atau melakukan pemanasan setempat localized  didekat daerah weldingan saja. Methode mana yang akan dilakukan lebih bersifat kepada pertimbangan ekonomis saja.

 Parameter parameter dalam PWHT yang perlu dijaga adalah :

 1. Heating rate .

2. Holding temperature

3. Cooling Rate

 Persiapan sebelum PWHT :

 

 Dalam melakukan PWHT banyak hal yang harus diperhatikan agar tujuan dari PWHT ini dapat tercapai. Faktor factor penting yang harus diperhatikan diantaranya :

1.    Expansion area. :Karena proses panas akan mengakibatkan terjadinya pemuaian dan expansi material maka harus di perhatikan bahwa saat stress relieve material tersebut tidak mengalami restraint.

2.   Insulasi : Saat element sudah terpasang dengan benar maka area disekitar (adjacent) element harus ditutup dengan kowool atau ceramic fiber untuk menjaga kestabilan suhu.

3.   Cleaning Material : Material harus bersih dari segala grease , oil.

4.   SUpport material : Proses pemanasan akan mengakibatkan terjadinya pelunakan material. Dengan adanya gaya gravitasi maka material yang akan di PWHT harus diberikan support sehingga tidak terjadi distorsion

Record PWHT :

Semua kegiatan PWHT harus dilakukan pencatatan terhadap parameter parameter dan element lainnya yang dianggap essential sesuai kesepakatan dan eq code antara fabricator dan owner. Secara garis besar factor factor penting yang harus di catat dalam report PWHT adalah :

1.       Identitas dari Material (tracebility, Spool No , or etc)

2.       Waktu diakukan PWHT

3.       Temperatur record dalam bentuk dot grafik atau sejenisnya.

4.       Personel PWHT.

diambil dari sini

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WELDING INSPECTION

hadeh...puyeng juga ternyata belajar untuk jadi wi BENER-BENER....smangat-smangat...

hmmm w barusan baca welding inspection Tapi pake British standard ( BS 499 ) ..

lansung aja



TERMINOLOGY

welding terminology dan BS 499  PT2 :1980 1980 weld symbol

Tipe Las an

butt weld

Fillet Weld

Edge joint 

Spot joint

Keempat jenis las an diatas bisa jadi dasar berbagai macam jenis sambungan 

Type Sambungan 

1.butt joint

2.tee joint 

3.coner joint

4.Lap joint

lansung aja neh..

bla bla bla....unduh disini untuk welding inspectionnya

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PR PAK ALIM SAADI

JAWABANNYA DICOMENT DONG ..

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19 oktober 2015

Pengajar Alim Saadi 19 0ktober

Catatan w selama pelatihan ..

ASME IX Mengkualifikasi standard procedure ( WPS ) dan Welder

ASME B31.1,B31.3, B31.4, B 31.8 untuk kualifikasi WPS dan welder Mengacu ASME IX

API 1104 hampir sama sengan ASME IX kualifikasi WPS dan Welder bedanya API 1104 khusus welding Pipe lines

PIPING = Pipa yang disambung pendek biasanya masih dalam Plant sedangkan PIPELINE sambungan diluar Plant atau sambungan pipa yang panjang..LINE PIPE material Pipanya atau Pipa yang belum disambung itu kt pak sofyan..
contoh gbr dibawah tuh..

ASME 31.4 DAN 31.8 Kualifikasi WPS dan Weldernya  bisa pakai API 1104 dan ASME IX

pipeline

piping

Line PIPE

Untuk welding Pengelasan Kapal laut bukan kapal terbang yah...emangnya ada kapal terbang yah...yg adakan kan pesawat ya...hmmmm ya udah standardnya  pakai IMO (international Maratime Organization) itu organisasi internasional yg katanya untuk standart smua negara hmmm kaya bhnika tunggal ika gitulah kalau untuk Indonesia yg adopt BKI ...oh ya note juga nih setiap standart disuatu negara katanya yg buat bukan pemerintah tp company kaya ASME etc...kalau di BKI ttg pengelasan ada di IMO BKI rules VI ...

Bendera IMO

Notes : Tanggung jawab seorang welder membuat hasil las an bagus ( Rapih secara visual kalaupun di test paling NDT = radio graphy), sedangkan Tanggung Jawab WPS adalah Kekuatan Hasil Las an, Biasanya hasil WPS tuh di UJI DT ( Uji Tarik )

Pic Uji Tarik

ASME IX  (2013) HAL 223 (PDF) TABEL QW-452.1(a)
Test SpecimensPERFORMANCE QUALIFICATION THICKNESS LIMITS AND TEST SPECIMENS ( Ayo dibuka )
ASME IX ( 2013 ) Hal 71 PDF ya.. ABOUT WPS 
ASME IX Hal 140 (pdf) Base Metal Grouping dan  minimum specified Tensile
ASME IX Hal 121 welding variable untuk welder tabel WPS untuk uji tarik
AWS D1.1  WPS Procedure hal 162 untuk uji tarik ( tension coulumn )
ASME VIII PRESSURE VESEL



...

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